Blood Sugar
You may regularly hear or read about blood sugar imbalance or that you should monitor what your blood sugar levels are. But what does it mean and how do you know if you have symptoms that may be because of this?
Blood sugar imbalance refers to fluctuations in the levels of glucose (sugar) in the bloodstream that are outside the normal range. These imbalances can be categorised mainly into two types:
1. Hyperglycemia (High Blood Sugar) - Occurs when blood sugar levels are higher than normal, typically above 130 mg/dL (7.2 mmol/L) fasting or 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L) two hours after eating.
What are the Causes?: Often associated with diabetes, poor diet, lack of physical activity, stress, or illness.
2. Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar) - Occurs when blood sugar levels drop below normal, typically below 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L).
What are the Causes?: Can result from skipping meals, excessive insulin use, certain medications, intense exercise, or alcohol consumption.
What is the Impact
Imbalances can lead to various symptoms and health complications if not managed properly. Chronic high blood sugar can damage organs and tissues, while persistent low blood sugar can lead to confusion, fainting, or seizures.
The Importance of Regulation
Maintaining stable blood sugar levels is crucial for overall health and energy levels, especially for individuals with diabetes or other metabolic disorders. Regular monitoring and lifestyle adjustments can help manage these imbalances effectively.
Blood sugar imbalances can manifest in various ways, depending on whether blood sugar levels are too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia). Here are some common symptoms for each:
Hyperglycemia (High Blood Sugar)
- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Headaches
- Dry mouth
- Difficulty concentrating
- Slow-healing wounds or infections
Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar)
- Shakiness or trembling
- Sweating
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Hunger
- Irritability or mood changes
- Confusion
- Weakness or fatigue
- Palpitations or rapid heartbeat
If you are experiencing severe symptoms, it's important to seek medical attention. Regular monitoring and help from a healthcare provider can help manage blood sugar levels effectively but tomorrow we will look at some lifestyle changes that can also help. Blood sugar imbalances are commonly associated with conditions like diabetes, but they can also occur due to various lifestyle factors and other health conditions. Here are some common aspects:
Causes of Blood Sugar Imbalances
1. Diet
- High intake of refined sugars and carbohydrates can lead to spikes in blood sugar.
- Skipping meals or not eating enough can cause low blood sugar.
2. Physical Activity
- Lack of exercise can contribute to insulin resistance.
- Intense exercise without proper nutrition can lead to hypoglycemia.
3. Medications
- Certain medications, particularly those for diabetes, can cause imbalances if not taken as prescribed.
4. Hormonal Changes
- Stress hormones (like cortisol) can increase blood sugar levels.
- Hormonal fluctuations (e.g., during menstruation, pregnancy, preimenopause) can also affect levels.
5. Illness or Infection
- Illness can increase stress hormones, raising blood sugar levels.
- Some infections can cause fluctuations in blood sugar.
What are the Risk Factors?
- Obesity: Increases the risk of insulin resistance.
- Sedentary Lifestyle: Lack of physical activity can lead to weight gain and insulin resistance.
- Family History: Genetics can play a role in diabetes and blood sugar regulation.
- Age: Risk increases with age, particularly after 45.
How Can We Manage It?
- Dietary Adjustments: Eating balanced meals with fibre, protein, and healthy fats can help stabilise blood sugar.
- Regular Monitoring: If it is something that concerns you, keeping track of blood sugar levels can help identify patterns and triggers.
- Medication: For those with diabetes, following prescribed medication plans is crucial.
- Physical Activity: Regular exercise can improve insulin sensitivity and overall blood sugar control.
If you have concerns about blood sugar levels, consulting a healthcare professional is essential for personalised advice and management strategies.